书城外语翻开就能用 商务外贸英语
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第6章 贸易谈判Trade Negotiations

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. reduce 降低,减少

Your price is not in line with the market level. Can you reduce it down alittle?

你方价格跟市场价格不一致,能降点价吗?

同义词:lower

2. prevailing 现行的

Our counter-offer is well in line withthe prevailing price of the market,fair and reasonable.

我方还盘是跟现行市场价格相一致,公平合理的。

同义词:fashionable

3. functionn. 功能

Compared with others, our electric cookershave many unique functions, such as timing,warning, etc.

跟其他的产品相比,我们的电磁炉有定时、报警等许多独特功能。

派生词:functional adj.

4. concessionn. 让步

You see, you are asking a 10% discount,that's really too much, how about ******some concessions?

你要求10%的折扣实在是太多了,做一些让步如何?

同义词:compromise

5. cancelv贼. 取消

If you refuse to make any concession, we have no alternatives but tocancel the contract.

如果贵方不作出任何让步,我们除了取消合同,别无选择。

同义词:repeal

6. transaction交易

Now that we have concluded the transaction, how about putting it into the writtenstatement—let's sign the S/C?

既然我们已经达成交易了,签一下销售合同怎么样?

同义词:deal

7. tariff关税

The government will raise tariff barriers against foreign goods.

政府将提高进口关税来抵制进口商品。

同义词:customs

8. approachv.临近,来临

The selling season is approaching, and thisseems to be the last chance for us to turnlosses into profits.

销售旺季临近,这似乎是我们扭亏的最后机会了。

同义词:come

9. inabilityn. 无能;无力

We are sorry for our inability to agreeto your settlement terms.

我们很遗憾无法同意你方的结算条件。

反义词:ability

10. legaladj. 法定的

You can rest assured that these exports have passed our legal inspection.

请放心,这些出口商品已经通过了我国的法定检验。

同义词:lawful

1quantity discount 数量折扣;

2the prevailing market 行市,现价;

3a jump in price 大幅度提价;

4to mark up the price 加价;

5to fix the price 定价;

6original price 价;

7to bargain for better terms讨价还价;

8well informed about something 对某事了解;

9to meet each other half way各让一半;

10rock鄄bottom price 最低价;

11to conclude a deal 完成交易;

12to call the deal off 生意告吹;

13exchange rate 汇率;

14opening price 开价;开盘价;

15closing price 收盘价;

16exceptional price 特价;

17special price 特价;

18nominal price 有行无市的价格;

19margin of profit 利润,赚头;

20wild speculation 漫天要价;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Wang: Well, Mr. Smith, to come straight to the point, could you tell ussomething about your new price?

Mr. Smith: Most willingly. It's 500 dollars per ton.

Mr. Wang: That's really a high price.

Mr. Smith: But you know, the price of this article has soared up since last year.

Mr. Wang: I know. But I must say it's still unacceptable. Couldn't you make adiscount for me? You see, we have such a long-term cooperation.

And our business could be mutually beneficial.

Mr. Smith: OK. I can make a special offer for you. This price is based on carefulcalculations. And it is the lowest price we can offer to you.

王先生:嗯,史密斯先生,我就开门见山地说吧,能讲讲你们的新价格吗?

史密斯先生:很乐意。每吨售价500 美元。

王先生:这个价格真的太贵。

史密斯先生:但您知道,自去年开始这种商品的价格猛涨。

王先生:我知道。但我还是不能接受这个价格。您难道不能给我打个折吗?您看看,我们已经合作很长时间了,而且我们的合作对双方都是有利的。

史密斯先生:好吧,我可以给您一个特殊优惠。这个价格是在精打细算的基础上算出来的。这是我们可以给您的最低价格了。

Mr. Green: Mr. Jiang, what do you think of our price?

Mr. Jiang: Your price has gone up sharply, hasn't it?

Mr. Green: Yes. We regret we cannot maintain our original price. Since theprices of the raw materials have been raised, we have to adjust theprice of our products accordingly.

Mr. Jiang: I agree with you there, but your price is unreasonable.

Mr. Green: I don't think so. You must compare our price with that of other exporthouses. I'm sure our offer is in line with the prevailing market pricelevel.

Mr. Jiang: I don't think we'll be able to pay the price. To have this business concluded,

you need to lower your price at least by 10%.

Mr. Green: I'mafraid that there is no room for any reduction in price.

Mr. Jiang: Don't you agree with me that in the long run, moderate prices willbring about large sales and more profit?

Mr. Green: We've already cut down our price to cost level.

格林先生:江先生,您认为我们的价格如何?

江先生:你们的价格已经大幅度上涨了,不是吗?

格林先生:是的。很遗憾我们不能保持价了。由于材料价格上涨,我们不得不对产品的价格作出相应的调整。

江先生:这我同意,但是你们的价格是不合理的。

格林先生:我不这么认为。你必须比较一下我们的价格和其他出口公司的价格。我确信我们提出的价格符合市场价格。

江先生:我认为我们不能支付那个价格。为了达成这笔生意,你们至少应该将价格降低10%。

格林先生:恐怕没有再减价的余地了。

江先生:我认为从长远考虑,公道的价格会销量,从而得到更多的利润,难道你不这么认为吗?

格林先生:我们已经将价格降低到成本水平了。

价格太高

1. In order to cope with the heavy competition, please reduceyour price by 10%. 为了适应激烈的竞争,请降价10%。

2. We very much regret that our clients find your prices are onthe high side. 很遗憾,我们的客户发现你方的价格偏高。

3. I can tell you at a glance that your prices are much toohigh. 一看这价目单就可以告诉你,你们的价格太高了。

4. Can you reduce the price to develop a new market?你们能降低价格以开拓一个新市场吗?

同意降价

1. To get business done, we can consider ****** some concessionin our price. 为了达成这笔交易,我们可以考虑在价格方面作出一些让步。

2. We are prepared to reduce our price by 4% to encouragebusiness. 我们准备将价格降低4%,以促成交易。

3. If you order in large lots, we'll reduce the price.如果你们大量订购的话,我们可以降价。

4. We can make the price lower if you would order a bit more.如果你们再多订一点儿,我们可以降价。

5. To help you push the sales, we'll agree to reduce our priceby 8%. 为了帮助你方促销,我们同意降价8%。

拒绝降价

1. We cannot take anything off the price. 我们不能再减价了。

2. We've already cut down our prices to cost level.我们已经将价格降到成本水平了。

3. There is no roomfor any reduction in price.价格毫无再减的余地了。

4. I'm afraid that there is no room to negotiate the price.恐怕价格没有再商量的余地了。

5. I think what we have given is best price.我认为我们的价格是公平合理的。

6. We think our new product is moderately priced.我们认为我们的新产品定价合适。

商务谈判的主要特点是参与谈判双方的基本目标是一致的,即尽量争取各自的利益。因此在谈判的时候必须掌握谈判知识和技巧,才能在谈判中左右逢源,为己方争取更多的利益,促进协议的最终达成。和外国人谈生意,必须能当机立断。如果事事都要“Let me have a word with my boss first. ”就等于说自己是个没有权力的人,容易被看轻。所以碰到一时无法作出决定的时候,可以说“Please let me think it over. ”(让我考虑一下)。说服对方的技巧之一,就是强调双方的共同点。比如:刘先生告诉老客户威尔逊先生产品涨价的因,可以说“our costs are way up too. ”(我们的成本也上涨了。)这样,客户可能觉得对方和他一样,正面临着涨价的处境。这时,买主再不情愿也只好接受涨价的事实了。讨价还价是商业谈判中的常事,其结果往往是双方互作让步。在作最后让步的时候可以说“the best compromise we can make is. . .”(我方能够作出的最大让步是……)然后坚定不移,否则如果让步得太过,就不值得了。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. appoint 指定

We promise to increase our annual turnoverby 30% if we are appointed as the sole agent in Japan.

如果指定我们为日本的独家代理,我们保证将年营业额提高30%。

同义词:assign

2. project计划

He has drawn up a project for opening up a new market in Europe.

他起草了一个开发欧洲新市场的计划。

同义词:plan

3. agency代理,代理权

We do not think the time is ripe forthe discussion of the question of exclusive agency.

我们认为讨论独家代理问题的时机尚未成熟。

4. connection关系

I have a business connection with anumber of American firms in New York.

我在纽约与许多美国公司有业务关系。

同义词:relation

5. seek 寻求,寻找

He is an agent for that company. Hesays this company is seeking more agents in Tokyo.

他是那家公司的代理,他说该公司在物色更多东京的代理人。

同义短语:look for

6. explorev. 开发

The main purpose of the trail sales is to explore the feasibility and profitability of thenew product in this market.

此次试销的主要目的在于试探一下新产品在市场上销售的可行性和收益性。

同义词:search

7. agentn. 代理人

We asked to be the sole agent for your bicycles in our territory.

我们曾要求作为你方自行车在我地区的独家代理。

8. terminate 终止

We hereby notify you that the AgencyAgreement will be terminated when it expires.

兹通知你方,代理协议到期时即行终止。

同义词:finish

9. moderate 中等的

In view of the moderate volume of businessconcluded last year, we are reluctant toconsider the question of agency at present.

鉴于我们去年成交的数额不太大,我们目前不愿考虑代理的问题。

同义词:medium

10. premature 过早的

We deem in rather premature to take into consideration the matter of a long鄄term agreement.

我们认为考虑长期协议还为时过早。

同义词:advanced

1authorized agent 指定代理;

2chartered agent 特许代理;

3world-wide agent 全球代理;

4exclusive buying agent独家代购;

5exclusive selling agent独家代销;

6export agent 出口代理;

7import agent 进口代理;

8domestic agent 国内代理;

9advertising agent 广告代理;

10forwarding agent 运输代理;

11apply for an agent申请当代理;

12agency appointment 指定代理;

13act as an agent 担任代理;

14open a market 开辟市场;

15local market 当地市场;

16well-developed 发展完善的;

17high comment 评价很高;

18break into the market 打入市场;

19expand the sales 扩大销售额;

20be well acquainted with 熟悉;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Chen: Mr. Robert, we have been doing business for many years, haven'twe?

Mr. Robert: Yes. I'm glad we've had very pleasant cooperation during the pastyears.

Mr. Chen: I'd like to sign a sole agency agreement with you on your silk shirtsfor a period of three years.

Mr. Robert: Since we have worked together for years, we know your sales ability.

Mr. Chen: We can make full use of our good connections with the wholesalersand retailers here and develop a good market for your products if appointedas your agent.

Mr. Robert: Very good! All right. We'll consider appointing you as our sole agentfor our silk shirts for the next three years in your local market.

Mr. Chen: That's great.

陈先生:罗伯特先生,我们在一起做生意已有很多年了,不是吗?

罗伯特先生:是的,我很高兴这些年来我们的合作都很愉快。

陈先生:所以我想和你方签订一项有关丝绸衬衫的代理协议,为期3 年。

罗伯特先生:因为我们合作几年了,我们了解你的销售能力。

陈先生:如被指定为贵公司代理,我公司能充分利用我公司与当地批发商和零售商的良好关系,为贵公司的产品开拓一个好市场。

罗伯特先生:太好了!好的,我们会考虑指定你为我方丝绸衬衫在你方市场的独家代理,为期3年。

陈先生:太好了。

Mr. Taylor: We are very much interested in acting as your agent.

Mr. Tang: What advantages do you have?

Mr. Taylor: We have for some years been an agent for several lines of Chineseproducts. I'm sure we're capable of handling your exporttrade with our country.

Mr. Tang: What is the minimumannual sales you can guarantee?

Mr. Taylor: We can sell at least 100, 000 pieces.

Mr. Tang: Are you sure of that?

Mr. Taylor: We are a well-established company and familiar with the customers'

needs there. We can develop a good market for yourproducts.

Mr. Tang: All right. I'll consult with our sales manager right now. I'll see youagain tomorrow at 10 a. m. for detailed discussion.

泰勒先生:我公司对担任贵公司代理一事很感兴趣。

唐先生:贵公司具有什么优势?

泰勒先生:我公司代理数类中国产品已有多年。我相信我公司有能力办理贵公司向我国出口的贸易。

唐先生:贵公司能保证的最低年销售额是多少?

泰勒先生:我公司至少能销售10 万件。

唐先生:贵公司有把握吗?

泰勒先生:我公司是一家信誉卓著的公司,了解当地客户的需要。我公司能为贵公司的产品开拓一个好市场。

唐先生:好。我马上与我公司的销售部经理商量一下。明天上午10 点我再来见您,和您详谈。

寻找代理商

1. We're looking for an agent to handle our products.我们正在找代理商来经销我们的产品。

2. We'd like you to be our agent if you're at all interested.如果你极有兴趣的话,我们想让你当我们的代理商。

3. We will be pleased to offer you a sole agency.我们将很高兴指定你们为我们的独家代理。

申请成为代理商

1. Will you consider our proposal to act as your agent?你能考虑我们的提议,做你们的代理商吗?

2. We will do our utmost to promote your products and enlargethe business. 我们将竭力推销你方产品并扩大业务。

质疑代理商资格

1. What are the minimum annual sales you can guarantee?你们所能保证的最少年销售额是多少?

2. I would like to know the definite quantities of you annualturnover. 我想知道你们年交易额的具体数字。

3. As sole agent, the territory you offer would be too restrictivefor sales. 作为独家代理,你们提出的销售区域太有限。

展示代理能力

1. We are well acquainted with local conditions and have excellentbusiness connections. 我们非常熟悉当地的条件,并且有极好的业务关系。

2. We do have very wide business connections, and our reputationis second to none. 我们有非常广泛的业务关系,并且我们的信誉首屈一指。

规定有专营权的代理协议,即为独家代理协议。其主要内容如下:

1.双方的基本关系。出口方与代理商之间的关系是委托代理关系。代理人应在委托人授权范围内行事,并应对委托人诚信忠实。委托人对代理人在上述范围内的代理行为承担民事责任。

2.代理的商品、地区和期限。委托人对代理人的授权中,应明确说明代理销售商品的类别和型号,独家代理则必须明确其业务的地理范围,并约定代理协议有效期限,或者规定中止条款。

3.专营权。在上述范围内,委托人承诺所指定的独家代理为唯一同买主进行交易的中间商,若委托人与买主直接发生交易,仍应按交易金额向独家代理支付佣金,是否授予专营权是独家代理与一般代理的主要区别。

4.佣金条款。代理协议中必须规定佣金率、支付佣金的时间和方法。佣金率可与成交金额或数量相联系。

5.最低成交额。独家代理通常承诺最低成交数量或金额。若未能达到该数额,委托人有权中止协议或按协议规定调整佣金率。

6.商情报告。代理人有义务向委托人定期或不定期提供商情报告,以使委托人了解当地的市场情况和代理人的工作业绩。能否提供合理的商情报告是考核代理人的重要依据。

明确代理商职责

1. As our agent, you are not to handle the same or similarproducts of other origins. 作为我方的代理,你们不能经营其他产地的相同或相似产品。

2. With the sole agency in your hands, you could easily controlthe market. 你们取得了独家代理后,可以很容易地控制市场。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. guaranteen. 保证,担保

The banker's guarantee is necessary,if you want to use D/A payment.

如果你想采用承兑交单,就必须出具银行保函。

同义词:promise

2. irrevocable 不可撤销的

For exports, we usually adopt irrevocable Letters of Credit available by sellers.

对于出口,我们经常采用销售商可利用的不可撤销信用证。

同义词:revocable

3. exceptionn. 破例

For the sake of our long-standing businessrelations, we've decided to give you a 2% commission as an exception.

鉴于我们长期的业务关系,我们决定破例给你们2%的佣金。

同义词:special

4. instalmentn.分期付款

You can make the rest payment by monthly instalment.

剩下的货款你可以按月分期付款。

同义短语:divided payments

5. riskn. 风险

We don't want to run the risk of fluctuationof foreign exchange rate, so we prefer youto pay in hard currency.

我们不想遭受汇率波动的风险,所以更愿意你用货币支付。

反义词:safety

6. fundn. 资金

Though they are so lack of funds,they pay up all the capital.

虽然他们如此缺乏资金,但是他们还是付清了所有的资金。

同义词:capital

7. concernv. 关心,担心

I'm very much concerned that our tax incentives for export will be reduced soon.

我非常担心出口的鼓励税收会下降。

同义短语:worry about

8. suggest 建议

I would suggest that the payment shouldbe made by T/T method instead of L/C atthirty days sight.

我建议付款方式采用电汇,而不是30 天远期信用证。

同义词:propose

9. studyn. 研究

If you make a further study of our samples,we are sure you will no longer ask for theprice reduction.

如果你方进一步研究我方样品,我们相信你方不会再要求减价。

同义词:research

10. convenience方便

Please send us all the literature concernedwith your products at your earliest convenience.

请你们在最方便的时候,把所有与你们产品有关的产品说明书寄给我们。

反义词:inconvenience

1discount bank 贴现银行;

2financial trust 金融信托公司;

3unit trust 信托投资公司;

4revocable L/C 可撤销信用证;

5usance L/C 远期信用证;

6standby L/C 备用信用证;

7advising bank 通知行;

8the notifying bank 通知行;

9opening bank 开证行;

10negotiating bank 议付行;

11paying bank 付款行;

12reimbursing bank 偿付行;

13confirming bank 保兑行;

14amendment to an L/C修改信用证;

15to propose an amendment建议更改;

16performer invoice 形式发票;

17sample invoice 样品发票;

18consignment invoice寄售发票;

19recipe invoice 收妥发票;

20certified invoice 证明发票;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Smith: Is it possible to find alternative payment terms for this orders?Whatabout D/A payment?

Mr. Ma: We can't agree to D/A payment terms. It is only when the trading partiesknow each other very well and there doesn't exist any risk ofnon-payment. Will D/A payment terms be adopted?If goods areshipped and then rejected on arrival at the port of destination, wewould be put to no end of trouble and financial losses.

Mr. Smith: How can that be?You ought to believe me, right?

Mr. Ma: Sorry, under such circumstances, payment by L/C is our usual practice.

史密斯先生:这笔订单能否改用其他付款方式?承兑交单付款方式怎样?

马先生:很抱歉,我们不能同意承兑交单付款方式。承兑交单只有在买卖双方非常了解、不会有拒付风险的情况下才使用。如果采用承兑交单付款方式,货已发出,到达目的地而遭到拒绝,我们将面临极大的麻烦和资金损失。

史密斯先生:那怎么可能呢?你们应该相信我嘛,对不对?

马先生:对不起,这种情况下,以信用证支付是我们的通常做法。

Mr. Shute: As to the terms of payment, I'd like to suggest you accept D/A.

Mr. Xu: I'msorry, we only accept L/C payment.

Mr. Shute: But as you know, ours is a large order. To pay by L/C, we have to paymuch more money for the bank's charge as well as deposit. That willtie up our money and therefore increases the cost of our imports.

Mr. Xu: Mr. Shute, it is because of a large order that we think it more necessaryto insist on L/C payment. To get around your difficulties, I suggest youcut your order in half.

Mr. Shute: That's a good idea. I'll consider the possibility. But for our good relations,

I still hope you'll make an exception to meet our requirement.

舒特先生:关于支付,我希望你们采用承兑交单的方式。

徐先生:很抱歉,我们只接受信用证付款。

舒特先生:可是,我们订单的数量太大。开立信用证,我们要花太多的钱用以支付银行的手续费和押金。这势必束缚我们的资金,从而进口商品的成本。

徐先生:舒特先生,正因为这笔订单数目太大,我们才认为有必要坚持用信用证付款。为了解决你们的困难,我建议你们把订单数目减半。

舒特先生:这是个好主意,我会考虑它的可行性的。但是目前还是希望你们考虑到我们的友好关系,破例接受我们的要求。

关于付款方式

1. What's your regular practice concerning terms of payment?你们通常采用什么样的付款条件?

2. We would like to confirm again that payment is by letter ofcredit. 我们想再强调一下付款方式是信用证。

3. Could you make an exception and accept D/P for this transaction?这笔交易你们能否破例地接受付款交单?

4. We wish to employ the confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit.我们希望使用保兑的、不可撤销的信用证。

5. We should adopt the terms of payment by installment forpresent purchase. 这次交易我们将采用分期付款方式。

6. In view of our long friendly relations, we agree to your requirementthis time. 考虑到我们长期的友好关系,我方这次同意你方的要求。

关于信用证

1. Please open a letter of credit in good time.请及时开出信用证。

2. We will open the covering letter of credit in good time.我们将立即开具有关的信用证。

3. Is the wording of “confirmed”necessary for the letter ofcredit? 信用证上还要写明“保兑”字样吗?

4. We pay too much for such a letter of credit.这种信用证付款方式让我们花费太多了。

关于货币

1. In what currency will payment be made?付款用什么货币?

2. Are there any currency restrictions in your country?你们国家存在货币限制问题吗?

关于拒付或拖延

1. We should like to request an extended payment plan withyour company. 我们想向贵公司请求延迟付款。

2. We regret that we are not able to make you a settlement atthe moment. 非常遗憾我们目前实在无力和你方结算。

3. Any further delay in paying your balance due cannot be accepted.

我们不能接受你们继续延迟支付尚欠余额了。

目前,国际贸易中常用的付款方式(payment terms) 有:汇付(Remittance)、托收(Collection)、信用证(Letter of Credit)三种方式。大金额交易时主要是用到信用证,小买卖当然是用托收和汇付来完成。作为国际结算中的一个重要组成部分,对外贸易货款的支付一般是利用汇票这种支付凭据通过银行进行的。汇票中的跟单汇票(Documentary Draft) 是对外贸易中最常用的一种支付工具。汇票按付款时间的不同,分为即期汇票和远期汇票两种。在询问付款方式时可以用What is the means of payment youwish to employ? 来询问对方,也可以说What about the payment?

在要求付款方式时候可以用We insist on…we require paymentby…We still intend to use…等等句型。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. draft 起草

You can draft a contract based on previous talks.

你可以根据以前的讨论起草一份合同。

同义短语:draw up

2. dispute争议

We maintain that any dispute should besettled through friendly discussion.

我们坚持认为,任何争执都应该通过友好协商的方式解决。

同义词:disaggrement

3. arbitrationn. 仲裁

I propose that arbitration should beheld in a thrid country.

我建议仲裁应该在第三国进行。

近义词:intercession

4. stipulate 规定

It's stipulated in the contract that allthe machine parts should be packedin wooden cases.

合同规定,所有的机器零件都要用木箱包装。

同义词:prescribe

5. scheme n. 方案

The scheme was drawn up and then passed on to our packing department.

此项方案已拟好,而且已送交我方包装部。

同义词:plan

6. incur 招致,蒙受

The improper document may incur troubles in clearing the customers.

不合标准的单证可能会在通关时带来很多麻烦。

同义词:bring

7. practice惯例

Our adoption of such terms is in accordance with the usual internationalpractice.

我们采取这些条款是为了与国际惯例保持一致。

同义词:consuetude

8. attractive 有吸引力的

If you fail to pack the goods in a more attractive way, you'll lose out toothers.

如果你们不能把货物的包装搞得更漂亮一些,你们就会输给别人。

同义词:charming

9. promise 承诺

Even if we don't have many orders onhand, we can't promise any shipment before May.

即使我们手头上没有多少订单,我们也无法答应5月份前装船。

同义词:pledge

10. inform 通知,告知

We'd like to inform you that a great manyof our clients are willing to purchase Chinese pottery and porcelain.

我们很乐意通知你们,我们的许多客户想购买中国陶瓷。

同义词:tell

Phrases 常用短语

1put down 写下来,写出来;

2lose out 受损失,亏本;

3rest assured 放心;

4on the ground 以……为理由,因为;

5in addition to 除了……外;

6make a deal with...和……达成了一项交易;

7make... clear 清楚地讲明;

8bring up 提出;

9usual practice 惯例;

10agree upon/on...在……方面达成一致意见;

11contract for goods订货合同;

12contract for service劳务合同;

13contract life合同有效期;

14contract parties 合同当事人;

15contract law合同法;

16contract of sale销售合同;

17contract provisions合同规定;

18contract terms合同条款;

19common behavior常见的行为方式;

20attach great importance to重视;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Zhang: Now let's check the items in the sales contract. Let's start from thename of the commodity, specifications, quantity, unit price and thetotal amount. Do you think they are OK?

Mr. Smith: Yes, very good. But I want to point out here that shipment should beeffected and completed before the end of June. We can't accept anydelay.

Mr. Zhang: Of course not. But since our price is determined on the basis ofCFR, the insurance premiumshould be born by your side.

Mr. Smith: Certainly. Please inform us immediately when shipment is effected.

Mr. Zhang: No problem. Then everything else is stated clearly in the sales contractand you can go through them on your own. Should there be aproblem, you can contact us any time tomorrow before 5 p. m.

Mr. Smith: Sounds good to me.

张先生:现在我们来检查一下销售合同中的条款,从商品名称、规格、数量、单价和总金额开始。您认为这些条款可以吗?

史密斯先生:可以,非常好。我在这里想提出一点,装运应该在6月底之前进行并完成。我们不能接受任何延期。

张先生:当然不会延期。但是因为我们的价是CFR价,所以你方应承担保险费。

史密斯先生:当然。开始装运时请立即通知我们。

张先生:没问题。销售合同中的所有其他事项都说清楚了,您可以自己仔细检查。如果有问题,明天下午5点之前可以随时和我们联系。

史密斯先生:好的。

Mr. Gary: Here is the contract for signature. I wonder if you'll take a last look.

Mr. Chen: Everything is all right except that the stipulations in the relevant creditshould strictly confirmto the terms stated in the contract.

Mr. Gary: All right. I'll see to it. What do you think of the English wording?

Mr. Chen: The English wording is really idiomatical. I'm very satisfied with it.

Mr. Gary: Is there any other questions?

Mr. Chen: No, nothing more.

Mr. Gary: Shall we sign the contract now?

Mr. Chen: With pleasure. I've been looking forward to this moment.

Mr. Gary: Now, please countersign it.

Mr. Chen: Done. Congratulations.

加利先生:合同已经准备好了,我想您是不是再最后看一看。

陈先生:一切都很好,只是相关的信用证中的条款应该与合同中的条款完全一致。

加利先生:好的,我会注意这一点的。还有您对合同的英文措词有什么意见吗?

陈先生:英文很地道,我很满意。

加利先生:还有其他问题吗?

陈先生:没有了。

加利先生:我们现在签合同,好吗?

陈先生:非常愿意,我一直在盼望着这一时刻。

加利先生:现在请确认后签名。

陈先生:签好了,祝贺!

讨论条款

1. There are a few points, which I'd like to bring up concerningthe contract. 关于合同我想提几点看法。

2. What would you consider reasonable?

那你认为怎么样才算合理呢?

3. Anything else you want to bring up for discussion?

你还有什么问题要提出来供双方讨论的吗?

4. Why should this non鄄compete clause be included?

为什么这一项非竞争条款必须包括在内?

5. Let's make the contract more specific on that point.

关于那一点在我们拟定合约时要更明确些。

接受与否

1. Maybe we can compromise on this. 也许我们可以协调一下。

2. Why don't we compromise on this? 为什么我们不折中一下?

3. When can we look forward to your decision?

你在什么时候会告诉我们你的决定呢?

达成一致

1. We have no questions about all the terms.

我们对所有的条款都没有意见。

2. We've settled all other disputes so far.

到目前为止,所有其他争论我们都已经解决了。

3. Our next step is to sign the contract.

我们下一步的事情就是签约了。

准备合约书

1. How soon can you get the contract papers ready?

你多久才能把合同准备好呢?

2. Can you speed up the contract? 你们能不能加快制订合同?

在双方谈判的过程中,一定要注意倾听对方的发言。如果对对方的观点表示了解,可以说:I see what you mean. (我明白你的意思。)如果表示赞成,可以说:That's a good idea. 或者说:I agreewith you. 如果是有条件地接受,可以用on the condition that 这个句型,例如:We accept your proposal, on the condition that youorder…(如果你订……,我们会接受你的建议。)在与外商,尤其是欧美国家的商人谈判时,如果有不同的意见,最好坦白地提出来而不要拐弯抹角,比如,表示无法赞同对方的意见时,可以说:

I don't think that's a good idea. 或者说:Frankly we can't agree withyour proposal. (坦白地讲,我无法同意你们的提案。)

如果是拒绝,可以说:We're not prepared to accept your proposalat this time. (我们当前不准备接受你们的建议。)有时,还要讲明拒绝的理由。如:To be quite honest, we don't believe thisproduct will sell very well in China. (说老实话,我们相信这种产品在中国不会卖得好。)

谈判期间,由于语言沟通问题,出现误解也是在所难免的,可能是对方误解了你,也可能是你误解了对方。在这两种情况出现后,你可以说:No, I'm afraid you misunderstood me. What I wastrying to say was…(不,恐怕你误解了。我想说的是……)或者说:

Oh, I'm sorry, I misunderstood you. Then I go along with you.

(哦,对不起,我误解你了。那样的话,我同意你的观点。)

3. I made a very close study of the draft contract.我仔细审阅了合同草案。

4. Please go over it and see if everything is in order.请过目一下,看看是否一切妥当。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. apologize.道歉

I should apologize for the delayed shipment.

我就延迟装船表示道歉。

同义短语:make an apology

2. rough 野蛮的

The survey has revealed that the damage to the goods in attributableto rough handling.

调查表明货物的受损是由于野蛮装卸所引起的。

同义词:rude

3. lodgevt. 提出

Last time I lodged a claim with ourinsurance company, and they paid upreally quickly.

上次向我们的保险公司索赔,他们真的很快就将款付清了。

同义短语:put forward

4. claim索赔

The insurance company refused to meettheir claim because they were unable toprovide sufficient evidence.

由于他们不能提供充分的证据,保险公司拒绝接受其索赔要求。

5. regretvt. 遗憾

I regret to tell you that your proposalis difficult for us to accept.

我很遗憾地告诉您,我方很难接受您的建议。

同义词:sorry

6. relationn. 关系

I hope that the claim will not standin the way of our good relations.

希望索赔不会影响我们之间的友好关系。

同义词:relevance

7. proposaln. 建议

We accept your proposals that were put forward for increasing sales.

我们接受你方有关提高销售额的各种建议。

同义词:advice

8. evidence 证据

I am sorry to tell you that your claim cannot be entertained unless you have enoughevidence.

我很抱歉地告诉你,你方的索赔不能被受理,除非你有足够的证据。

同义词:proof

9. complain 抱怨

Our customers complain a lot about the high prices of your products.

我方客户对贵方产品价格过高颇为不满。

同义短语:write to request

10. appealvi. 请求

Owing to force majeure involved,we appeal to our customer to recalltheir claim.

由于不可抗力,我们请求我们的顾客撤回索赔要求。

同义词:plead

1to make a (one's) claim提出索赔;

2to lodge a (one's) claim提出索赔;

3to bring up a (one's) claim提出索赔;

4to make a claimwith(against);

sb. 向某方提出索赔;

5to make a claimfor(on)sth.就某事提出索赔;

6claim on the goods对某(批)货索赔;

7claim for indemnity 要求赔偿;

8claim for compensation要求补偿;

9claims settling agent理赔代理人;

10claims surveying agent理赔检验代理人;

11claiming administration索赔局;

12claims department(commission board) 索赔委员会;

13certificate of weight 重量证明书;

14phytosanitary certificate植物检疫证明书;

15sanitary certificate 卫生证书;

16health certificate卫生(健康)证书;

17analysis certificate分析(化验)证书;

18tank inspection certificate油仓检验证明书;

19record of ullage and oil temperature 空距及油温记录单;

20certificate of aflatoxin;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Ma: We have received the skincare, but found them outdated.

Mr. Green: We feel surprised. Have you brought the inspection certificate?

Mr. Ma: The inspection certificate will be sent by fax tomorrow.

Mr. Green: This is our inspection certificate, and there's nothing wrong inquality.

Mr. Ma: But how can you explain that 100 boxes are outdated?

Mr. Green: I thought that the problemwas caused by wrong packing.

Mr. Ma: Do you mean it is not the skincare but the packing that is outdated?

Mr. Green: That's right. We regret for the loss you have suffered and agree togive you 10%discount as compensation.

Mr. Ma: But we can't sell these skincare with outdated packing. What's more,

the Customs will fine us for that.

马先生:我们收到贵方的护肤品,但是发现产品已经过期了。

格林先生:对此我很惊讶。你们带了商检证明吗?

马先生:商检证明明天就传真过来。

格林先生:这是我们的检验证明,没有任何质量问题。

马先生:那您如何解释100箱过期的护肤品呢?

格林先生:我想是由不当包装引起的。

马先生:您的意思是护肤品没有过期,而是包装过期了?

格林先生:是的。我们对你方遭受的损失深表歉意,同意给你们打9 折。

马先生:但我们不能出售包装过期的护肤品,海关会对我们罚款的。

Mr. Stone: Mr. Li, I have to say that last shipment of 6, 000 kgs of red dates wasnot satisfactory.

Mr. Li: Yes? I'd never expected it.

Mr. Stone: As soon as the goods reached us, we inspected them and found ashort-weight of almost 500 kgs. It's far beyond the stipulated 5%

more or less allowance.

Mr. Li: How could that happen? Our goods had been weighed carefully beforeshipment. The captain was just at the spot to supervise the weighing. Hecan certainly prove the full weight was delivered, otherwise, he could nothave issued a clean B/L.

Mr. Stone: Here is the report issued by a well-known inspection company inNew York. Please have a good look, Mr. Li.

Mr. Li: Well, thanks.

Mr. Stone: In the report you may find their findings that the dates had not beencompletely dried before packing. As the goods were sold on CIFterms, you should be held responsible for it.

斯通先生:李先生,上一批6000 公斤红枣令人不满意。

李先生:是吗?真想不到。

斯通先生:货物到港后,我们进行了检查,发现短重500 公斤,这超过了规定的5%

的溢短装数量。

李先生:这怎么可能呢?装船前货物经过认真称重,船长在现场监督称重过程。他可以证明所发运的货物足够重量,否则,他也不会签发清洁提单。

斯通先生:这是纽约一家著名的商检公司做的商检报告。请您好好看一看。

李先生:好的,谢谢。

斯通先生:在报告中,您可以看到他们的调查结果,这些红枣在包装前没有干透。因为货物是按到岸价出售的,所以你方应该对此负责。

缺斤短两

1. We regret to inform you that the goods were underweight.

我们很遗憾告知贵方货物重量不足。

2. There is a difference of 2 tons between the actual landedweight and the invoice weight. 实际卸货的重量和发票重量相差2吨。

发错货

1. What we receive is not what we ordered. 我们收到的货物并不是我们当初订的货物。

2. The goods submitted do not correspond with the samplesent. 到货与惠送样品不一致。

货物拖延

1. Nearly a month has passed, yet we've heard nothing fromyou about the shipment. 接近一个月过去了,我们未听到贵方有关装运的任何消息。

2. Your shipment is so late that we have a lot of difficulties inthe disposal of the goods. 贵方装运过迟,致使我们难以处理这批货物。

提出索赔

1. I have a claim to make against you. 我要向贵方提出索赔。

2. I'm unwilling to lodge a claim, but the damage was unbearable.

我不愿意提出索赔,但这一损失我们无法承受。

索赔金额

1. I'm afraid you should compensate us by 5% of the totalamount of the contract. 贵公司要赔偿我方合同全部金额的5%。

Expressions 套用单句

Chapter5 贸易谈判

Trade Negotiations

处理投诉的10种技巧

1. 对客户永远心存感激。向你的客户展示对你与他们合作的感激,并让这种态度成为你公司文化的一个组成部分。

2. 不要苛责你的客户。把每一个客户都当作是你唯一的客户那样对待。

3. 要全身心投入为客户服务。100%的工作时间内,把私人问题完全抛开。

4. 用诚挚的态度耐心聆听客户的话语。他们会告知所需要的一切。

5. 对于正面和负面的消息,都要清楚地和客户沟通,并向客户提出相应的意见和方法供客户选择。

6. 相信你自己可以很好地帮助客户解决问题。你的自信能够帮助你的客户建立起对你的信心。

7. 在整个过程中要主动地承担起责任去帮助客户解决问题。

8. 让你所有的客户在和你交谈的过程中感受到快乐。请面带微笑用声音传递快乐。

9. 和你的客户建立一种私人的联络。比如寄一些恰当的祝贺卡、文章和简报等等。

10. 遵守承诺,赋予他们更好的服务。总是能够让你的客户得到比预期更多的服务。

拒绝索赔

1. We can not entertain your claim as it has nothing to do withus. 因为这与我们没有关系,我们不能接受贵方的索赔。

2. Your claimshould be referred to the shipping company.贵方的索赔应提交给船运公司。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. essentialsn. 要领

I don't know about China's Patent Law. Would you please tell me the essentials?

我对中国的专利法不太了解,您能给我概要地讲讲吗?

同义词:necessity

2. specify 规定

Does every country specify the same duration of protection?

每个国家规定的保护期限是否都一致?

同义词:set

3. patentn. 专利

I amafraid the patent cannot be granted, there is already a patent on it.

恐怕这个专利无法批准,因为已经有一个这样的专利了。

同义词:trademark

4. approve 批准

The contracts have not been ap proved because they are considered discriminatory.

这些合约并未得到批准,因为它们有歧视性。

同义词:accept

5. penalty罚款

I have a few questions about these penaltyclauses in the contract.

关于这个合约里面的惩罚条款我有些问题。

同义词:forfeiture

6. grant 授予,批准

We will grant you the right to makethe product and sell it in your salesterritory.

我们将授予你们在销售范围内制造及销售的权力。

同义词:permit

7. exclusiveadj. 专有的

Those rights are exclusive and run for three years.

那些权力是专有的,期限是三年。

同义词:particular

8. acquire获得

We hope to acquire technical know-howconcerned with contracted product fromyou soon.

我们希望尽快从你方得到与合同产品相关的专有技术。

同义词:gain

9. transfervt. 转让,调转

They refused to transfer high-tech toour country.

他们拒绝向我国转让高科技。

同义短语:make over

10. feasibility可行性

We have conducted feasibility studies andconcluded that the investment would beprofitable.

我们已经进行了可行性研究,并得出这项投资是有利可图的结论。

同义词:probability

1technology transfer 技术转让;

2consulting service 咨询服务;

3exclusive license独家授权(许可);

4industrial property 工业产权;

5technical service and;

assistance 技术服务与协作;

6engineering contracting工程承包;

7licensing agreement许可证协议;

8royalty rate 专利费税率;

9net sales price 净售价;

10initial down payment 入门费;

11grant the right 授权;

12research expertise 专门知识;

13keep... confidential保密;

14technical exchange 技术交流;

15technical assistance 技术援助;

16let out 泄露;

17settle dispute 解决争端;

18technical license 技术许可证;

19be borne by sb. 由……承担;

20the Chamber of Commerce;

Conversations 实用对话

Tony: In what formwill you transfer the patent?

Mr. Wu: We'd like to transfer the right to use the patent in the form of license.

Tony: But the license only gives one the right to manufacture the equipment.

What about the technology not included in the patent?

Mr. Wu: Don't worry. We'll provide you with all the information and also 10technicians needed to manufacture the equipment.

Tony: That's good. How much will you ask for?

Mr. Wu: We hope you will pay us $100, 000 as initial payment for buying theproduction rights from us, and 5%of the sales price on each productssold.

托尼:贵方将以何种形式转让专利?

吴先生:我方想以许可证形式转让专利使用权。

托尼:但是许可证只给予制造设备的权利,专利中未包括的技术怎么办?

吴先生:别担心。我们会给你们制造设备所需要的所有资料,还有10名技术人员。

托尼:好,那你们要价多少?

吴先生:我们希望你们付10 万美元的入门费以购买产品生产权,并且按所售产品单价的5%进行提成。

Mr. Li: Shall we discuss concrete technical problemnow?

Mr. Robert: OK. What do you think of the problem?

Mr. Li: I think that the technology you transfer to us should enable our productsto be competitive on the world market and achieve significant economicresults.

Mr. Robert: Of course. Meanwhile, within the stated scope and period agreedupon by us, you shall have the obligation to keep confidential thetechnical secrets contained in the technology provided by us, whichhave not been made public.

Mr. Li: You needn't worry about it. We hope you can provide and explain thetechnical assistance, method of operation, instructions and other technicaldata and information.

Mr. Robert: You shall provide us with adequate facility and the necessary toolsto our technicians rendering technical assistance.

李先生:我们现在来讨论一下具体的技术问题,好吗?

罗伯特先生:好的,对这个问题您怎么想的?

李先生:我认为贵方转让给我们的技术应该能够使我们的产品在国际市场上具有竞争力并能取得可观的经济效益。

罗伯特先生:当然。但同时,在我们双方商定的范围和期限内你们应承担保守我们提供的、尚未公开的技术秘密的义务。

李先生:这您不必担忧。我们希望你们能提供和讲解这一技术的技术援助、操作方法、使用说明和其他技术资料和信息。

罗伯特先生:你方应向我们的技术人员提供进行技术协助时所需的设施和工具。

表明合作意向

1. We'd like to transfer the right to use the patent in the formof license. 我方想以许可证形式转让专利使用权。

2. We wish to discuss with you about technical cooperationbetween our two companies. 我们希望和你讨论关于你和我公司之间的技术合作问题。

3. It's high time for us to discuss the details of technologytransfer thoroughly. 现在该是我们全面谈谈技术转让细节的时候了。

4. We wish to establish long and steady technical cooperativerelations. 我们希望建立长期稳定的技术合作关系。

引进技术方

1. You should help us to modernize our production throughtechnology transfer. 贵方应通过技术转让协助我厂实现生产现代化。

2. We need badly a technical license to improve our presentproducts and develop new ones. 我们急需一份技术许可证来改进现有产品,并开发新的产品。

3. Howwould you familiarize us with your technical know-how?你如何使我们熟悉你们的专有技术?

4. The technicians and experts of both parties should holdmeetings fromtime to time for technical exchange.我们双方的技术人员和专家要常碰头,进行技术交流。

5. I'm afraid that both the royalty rate and initial down paymentare too high. 恐怕提成费和入门的金额都太高。

技术转让是指一方(通常是技术转让方(licenson))准许另一方(即技术引进方(licensee))使用任何一种专门知识的权利(如生产工艺流程、营销程序(marketing procedures)以及管理技能等等)。技术转让分两种:一种是工业产权(industrial property)(如专利与商标。

在大多数国家,它们受工业产权法保护)。另一种为非工业产权,主要是指专门技术知识。

技术转让可通过以下五种方式进行:特许(licensing)、咨询服务(consulting)、技术服务与协助、合作生产以及工程承包(engineeringcontracting)。不过,一种和另一种之间也没有明确的界限。

实际上几种方式经常一起使用。例如,特许经常包括技术服务和关键设备或测试仪器的进口。

技术转让协议有多种,其中许可证协议是最普通的一种。许可证协议包括以下项目:转让范围、价格与支付、保密责任、技术持续协助与转让、人员培训等等。

由于技术转让仅仅是专利、专门知识和新技术所有权的转让,因此它所牵涉的定价和支付与进行商品贸易有很大的差别。

在讨论价格时,技术转让方与技术引进方也会处理支付方式问题,因为支付方式会影响价格问题。支付方式主要有三种:一次性支付(lump sum payment);提成费(royalities);入门费加提成费(aninitial payment plus royalties)。

General Knowledge 背景知识

出让技术方

1. Expenses for the use of technology shall be reasonable.收取使用技术费是合理的。

2. What about the payment for the industrial property andtechnical know-how? 工业产权和专有技术如何偿付?

3. That's enough to compensate for the sum you pay for buyingpatent. 这足够抵补你们为买专利支付的款项。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. estimate 预计

We estimate that the demand for your products next year will be at least 10, 000 sets.

我们预计明年对贵方产品的需求量至少是10000套。

同义词:evaluate

2. commercial 商业的

We have no doubt about your commercial integrity.

我们毫不怀疑你们的商业信誉。

3. compensate 补偿

You'll get compensated by the products.

贵公司可从产品中得到补偿。

同义短语:make up for

4. buy-back n. 回购

We agree to accept payment for thismachinery in the form of buy-back of electric toys.

我方同意接受返销电子玩具作为偿付这些机械设备的付款方式。

5. trend趋势

Our trade will maintain an upward trend if we try hard.

如果我们努力的话,我们的贸易会保持上升趋势的。

同义词:movement

6. sincere 诚恳的,诚挚的

Please accept our sincere thanks foryou information.

请接受我方诚挚的谢意,感谢你方传递过来的信息。

同义词:honest

7. undertakevt. 保证

We can undertake that the engines will bemanufactured in strict conformity with yourrequirements.

我们可以保证严格按照你方需要制造这些发动机。

同义词:promise

8. consignment寄售

Could you consider letting us have asupply of 100 machines on consignment?

贵方能考虑给我们寄售100 台机器吗?

同义词:deposit

9. keen 激烈的

The competition is unexpectedlykeen.

竞争是料想不到地激烈。

同义词:fierce

10. potentialn. 潜力

There is a great potential for our new product to make a profit in your country.

我方新产品在贵国获取利润的潜力是很大的。

同义短语:latent capacity

1be pressed for 缺少,缺乏;

2be in a position to do sth. 能够;

3Buy-back 回购;

4Counter-purchase 互购;

5compensation trade 补偿贸易;

6barter trade 易货贸易;

7products buyback 产品回购;

8total compensation 全额补偿;

9be short of 短缺;

10complementary advantages互补优势;

11foreign exchange control外汇管制;

12package deal 一揽子交易;

13performance of the machinery 机械性能;

14plant equipment 成套设备;

15production sharing产品分享制;

16productive capacity 生产能力;

17technical assistance 技术援助;

18ultimate success 最终成功;

19foreign exchange 外汇;

20a draft agreement 协议草案;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Huang: We have no doubt of the quality and the price of your machine.

The problem is we are short of foreign exchange. Could we undertakecompensation trade?

Mr. Lewis: I think we can entertain it.

Mr. Huang: That's pretty good. Do you wish to have a total compensation tradeor a partial one?

Mr. Lewis: It depends on your payment capability.

Mr. Huang: As I see it. It's better to do total compensation trade.

Mr. Lewis: OK. But how long do you need to complete the payment?

Mr. Huang: The payment period internationally is from 5 to 10 years. Of coursewe still try to complete the payment as early as possible.

Mr. Lewis: Let's settle it within five years. Do you have difficulty?

Mr. Huang: 5 years is a bit short.

黄先生:我们对你方机器的质量和价格都觉得很满意。问题是我们现在外汇不足,能否采用补偿贸易方式呢?

路易斯先生:我想可以接受。

黄先生:那太好了。您希望全额补偿,还是部分补偿?

路易斯先生:这就要看你们的支付能力了。

黄先生:我看还是全额补偿好些。

路易斯先生:好的。但您需要多长时间来偿还呢?

黄先生:国际上通常的偿还期为5至10 年。当然我方会尽力尽早偿还的。

路易斯先生:定为5年吧,你们有什么困难吗?

黄先生:5年有些短了。

Joe: Hi, Jack, I came about the possibility of undertaking compensation tradewith you. To be frank with you, compensation trade is considered preferableby our side to save foreign exchange.

Jack: That sounds great. Why not? So could you by any chance elaborate it?

Joe: Sure, we could supply technical know-how and equipment, and you pay usthrough successive deliveries of the resultant product.

Jack: That sounds promising. You know, compensation trade is good for both ofus!

Joe: This is the detailed information, please look through it.

Jack: Well, I believe the feasibility of this project is excellent, we accept thisdeal.

Joe: Awesome! Then let's discuss the specifics.

乔: 你好,杰克,我来谈一下和你们做补偿贸易的事情。实话告诉你,补偿贸易可以节省我方的外汇。

杰克:听起来不错,我同意啊。你能否具体介绍一下呢?

乔: 可以,我们提供技术和设备,你方用生产出来的产品补偿我们。

杰克:好主意!其实,补偿贸易对我们是双赢的。

乔: 这里是详细的信息,你过目一下。

杰克:我相信这个项目可行性很大,我决定接受!

乔: 太好了。那我们具体再谈一下细节。

贷款方

1. We agree to complete the payment within three years.我们同意3年内付清贷款。

2. We shall reimburse you the total value of the entire equipmentby installments in three years. 我们将在3年内向贵方分期偿付全部设备的总价。

3. We'll complete the payment within three years from thecommencement of production. 我们将从购买之日起3年内付清款项。

4. We would like to buy your cotton back as a compensation.我们愿买回你们的棉花用作贷款偿还。

借贷方

1. How long should it take to have the payment completelymade? 还清货款要多久?

2. I would like to complete the payment in two years.我希望在两年内还清贷款。

3. It depends on your payment capacity.这取决于贵方的偿还能力。

4. You have to pay interest every year.你们每年都要支付利息。

生产设备

1. You have the responsibilities for technical assistance, theperformance of the machines and finally a smoothstart-up. 贵方有责任对我们进行技术支持并调试机器,确保它能平稳启动。

Incoterms:国际贸易术语解释通则。一套由国际商会颁布的规则,旨在解释对外贸易中的常用术语。目的是通过清晰地描述买卖双方的义务来避免不同国家间由于不同的贸易惯例而引起的歧义。

International Chamber of Commerce:国际商会,指以促进国际间经济贸易的关系,并谋求解决有关问题为宗旨的一个国际组织。该机构为解决国际商业纠纷提供一个仲裁法庭,并拟定了国际贸易的共同规则,以谋求改善各国间的贸易条件与国际关系的协调。

Freight:(1)船货。船上载运的货物。(2)舱位。发货人在载运船只上预定的舱位。(3)运费。轮船公司对载运货物所收取的费用。

Waybill:运货单。指随货物装运而填发的货运单,写明货物的运费、收货人、发货人、启运地、路程以及目的地。

Wharfage:码头费。因装卸货物使用码头而向码头管理人所支付的费用。

General Knowledge 背景知识

费维修。

2. We'll send engineers to help you with the installation work.

我们将派工程师协助你方的安装工作。

定价则

1. The prices of countersale products shall be determined accordingto the prevailing world market price at the time ofeach shipment. 回购货物的价格将根据出货时的国际市场价而定。

2. For equipment, we shall use sliding price.对设备而言,我们采取浮动折价计算法。

Vocabulary 必用词汇

1. preferential 优惠的

Investors may enjoy preferential treatmentfor the establishment of a joint venture in Taiwan.

在台湾建立合资企业,投资者可以享受到优惠的待遇。

同义词:exclusive

2. proportion份额

We will share profits and losses inproportion to our respective contributions.

我们按各自的投资份额分享利润、分担亏损。

同义词:share

3. proposaln. 提议

I can accept your proposal on the scope of the technology, but not theothers.

我只同意你关于技术部分的提案。

同义词:suggestion

4. consist. 组成

Our factory consists of three workshops, a lab and a quality control department.

我们工厂由3 个车间、1 个试验室和1个质量检查科组成。

同义词:comprise

5. workshop车间

Would you like to go through our workshop some time?

您什么时候参观一下我们的车间呢?

同义词:plant

6. production生产

We can arrange production to meet national characteristics and habitual tastes of different countries.

我们可根据不同国家的国情和风俗习惯来安排生产。

同义词:turnout

7. capitaln. 资产

What is the total registered capitalfor this joint venture?

这家合资公司的注册资产多少?

同义词:asset

8. assess估价

Patents and trademarks shall be assessed by a group of expert and confirmed by the Chinese side.

专利和商标应由专家小组估价并经中方确认。

同义词:appraise

9. absorb 吸收;并吞

In order to absorb foreign capitals, we shalladopt the regular forms of internationaleconomic cooperation.

为了吸收外资,我们将采用国际经济合作中通常采用的形式。

同义词:assimilate

10. investment投资

We'll supply machinery and equip ment estimated at about 40% of the total investment.

我们将提供机器和设备,大约占总投资的40%。

1joint venture 合资经营;

2be disposed to do sth.愿意或倾向于做某事;

3customs clearance 清关;

4equity joint venture产权联合式经营;

5site use contract 场地使用合同;

6registered capital 注册资本;

7purchasing power 购买力;

8at a loss 亏损;

9residential environment生活环境;

10defaulting party 违约方;

11foreign trade 对外贸易;

12international trade 国际贸易;

13business scope 经营范围;

14to make a deal 做一笔交易;

15to deal in 经营,做生意;

16to trade in 经营某商品;

17trade circle 贸易界;

18to trade with 和……进行贸易;

19global market 全球市场;

20international competition;

Conversations 实用对话

Mr. Green: We're thinking of having our products processed in Southeast Asia.

Mr. Chen: That's a good idea. You can take advantage of the cheap labor andland.

Mr. Green: Yes. Processing in the region will greatly reduce our costs.

Mr. Chen: What type of products do you intend to process?

Mr. Green: We intend to have our furs processed.

Mr. Chen: What is your specific requirement?

Mr. Green: The furs are processed with our raw materials and designs.

Mr. Chen: No problem. What else?

Mr. Green: Could you tell me your processing charges?

Mr. Chen: The charge is 80 dollars per article.

格林先生:我公司想在东南亚加工我们的产品。

陈先生:好主意,您可以利用低廉的地价和劳动力。

格林先生:是的,在这个地区加工产品会大大降低成本。

陈先生:那么贵公司打算加工哪类产品呢?

格林先生:皮毛大衣。

陈先生:您有什么具体要求吗?

格林先生:这些皮毛大衣要用我公司的料和式样进行加工。

陈先生:没问题。还有其他要求吗?

格林先生:请问贵公司的加工费是多少?

陈先生:费用为每件80 美元。

装配业务

Mr. Gary: Would you like to enter into a contract for assembly with us?

Mr. Zhang: Yes. What kind of products do you expect to assemble?

Mr. Gary: We expect you to assemble cameras for us and all necessary partsand components will be supplied by us.

Mr. Zhang: What's the assembling fee for each set?

Mr. Gary: The fee is 20 dollars for each set.

Mr. Zhang: What do you consider about the damage rate of parts and components?

Mr. Gary: The damage rate for parts and components in assembling is 2%,

which is the rate of spare parts and components to be supplied freeby us.

Mr. Zhang: I think that a reasonable tolerance in the specifications should beallowed for the finished products.

Mr. Gary: I agree.

加利先生:你们是否愿意和我们订一个装配合同?

张先生:可以,你们打算装配什么产品?

加利先生:希望你们能为我们装配照相机,全部必需的零部件都由我们提供。

张先生:每台的装配费是多少?

加利先生:装配费每台20 美元。

张先生:关于零部件的损坏率你们怎么考虑?

加利先生:装配时零部件的损坏率为2%,这部分零部件由我们免费供给。

张先生:我认为贵方应该允许成品在规格上有合理的公差。

加利先生:我同意。

业务咨询

1. We'd like to know your rate of processing charges.我们想打听一下你们的加工费率是多少。

2. Let's talk about something about assembling.我们讨论一下装配的细节问题。

3. If you are interested in the assembling business, please letus know your specific requirements. 如果贵公司对装配业务有兴趣,请告知公司的具体要求。

介绍公司业务范围

1. We provide labor services for manufacturing purposes.我们为制造商品提供劳务。

2. Processingsuppliedmaterials andassembling supplied partsis our usual practice.来料加工和来件组装是我们的惯例。

具体条件

1. The designated packing calls for additional labor and cost.指定的包装需要额外的劳力和费用。

2. The customers provide some of the equipment, tools, moldsand packing machinery.客户为加工提供一部分机器、设备、工具、模具和包装机械。

3. The ownership of the supplied material or parts remains withthe foreign client.来料或来件的所有权仍属国外客户。

4. We'll process and assemble in strict accordance with thesample submitted by foreign customers.

我们将严格按外商提供的样品加工装配。

Raw materials: 料。不适宜立即消费但可以用于生产过程的天然产品。

On a tale quale basis: (tale quale 拉丁语)按照样品(商品现状)。

这种销售方式是以买方看到他所要订购的货物样品为基础,以区别于实际未看到货物只是按照标准规格说明而进行订购的那种销售方式。

Consuming goods: 消费品。能满足家庭消费需要的商品。

Shipping marks: 装船唛头。通常指在每件已包装的货物上用模板印刷的标志。以便识别该件属于哪一批货物。

Entrepot: 转口贸易。为再出口而进口某种货物的一种贸易方式。

利用加工费或装配费来偿还欠款

1. We agree to pay for the equipment and technology by installmentswith the processing fees payable to us.我们同意用付给我们的加工费分期偿还设备和技术价款。

2. We can use processing or assembling fees to pay for theequipment. 我们可以用加工费或装配费来偿还设备的价款。

3. As for the cost of the equipment and technology, we will usethe assembling fee to pay for it. 至于设备和技术的价款,我们使用装配费来支付。