As World War II loomed after 1938， with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggressions of Nazi Germany， FDR gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China and Britain， while remaining officially neutral。 His goal was to make America the “Arsenal of Democracy” which would supply munitions to the Allies。 In March 1941， Roosevelt， with Congressional approval， provided Lend－Lease aid to the countries fighting against Nazi Germany with Britain。 He secured a near－unanimous declaration of war against Japan after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7， 1941， calling it a “date which will live in infamy”。 He supervised the mobilization of the US economy to support the Allied war effort。 Unemployment dropped to 2％， relief programs largely ended， and the industrial economy grew rapidly to new heights as millions of people moved to new jobs in war centers， and 16 million men and 300，000 women were drafted or volunteered for military service。
Roosevelt dominated the American political scene， not only during the twelve years of his presidency， but for decades afterward。 He orchestrated the realignment of voters that created the Fifth Party System。 FDR’s New Deal Coalition united labor unions， big city machines， white ethnics， African Americans and rural white Southerners。 Roosevelt’s diplomatic impact also resonated on the world stage long after his death， with the United Nations and Bretton Woods as examples of his administration’s wide－ranging impact。 Roosevelt is consistently rated by scholars as one of the greatest US Presidents。
罗斯福一直被视为美国历史上最伟大的总统之一，是20世纪美国最受民众期望和受爱戴的总统，也是美国历史上唯一连任4届总统的人，任职长达12年。他是身残志坚的代表人，也受到世界人民的尊敬。
第二次世界大战初，美国采取不介入政策，但对希特勒采取强硬手段，以“租借法”支持同盟国。1941年底，美国参战。罗斯福代表美国两次参加盟国“三巨头”会议。美国著名记者约翰逊在罗斯福传记中写道：“他推翻的先例比任何人都多，他砸烂的古老结构比任何人都多，他对美国整个面貌的改变比任何人都要迅猛而激烈。然而正是他最深切地相信，美国这座建筑物从整个来说，是相当美好的。”罗斯福是20世纪最受爱戴和最令人憎恨的美国总统。他受人爱戴的是因为，虽然他出身贵族，但他相信平凡人的价值，并且为维护百姓的权利而战；他受人爱戴的另一个原因是，他有着慑人的魅力。他愉快地工作，对未来充满信心。他带领美国走出经济困境，改变了美国人的生活方式。然后为了捍卫民主政体，帮助世界实现了安全。历史学家和政治学家们一致认为，罗斯福、华盛顿和林肯是美国最伟大的三位总统。
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
Roosevelt faced a collapsing economy。
罗斯福曾面对摇摇欲坠的经济。
Roosevelt’s idea was to convert it to an archive。
罗斯福总统的意见是将其用于各种档案的储存。
Yet the doves are soon eclipsed in his book by Roosevelt。
不过在书中，罗斯福很快让鸽派人士黯然失色。
Within weeks of the encounter， though， Roosevelt was dead。
然而在这次会面不到几个星期，罗斯福便去世了。
Roosevelt was prepared to be radical to meet dangerous circumstances。
罗斯福总是以激进的措施来应对危险的境况。
It was with indescribable relief that I received the news that President Roosevelt had been re－elected。
当我得到罗斯福总统再度当选的消息后，我的欣慰之情真是难以形容。
Roosevelt’s government programs kept unemployment high。
罗斯福的政府工作计划让国家的失业率持高不下。
The United States was a world power in fact as well as in name when Roosevelt left the White House in 1909。
1909年罗斯福离开白宫时，美国无论在名义上或实际上都是个世界强国。
No doubt Stalin remained skeptical， but it was as loud and powerful a commitment Roosevelt could give him。
当然斯大林依然满腹狐疑，不过这已是罗斯福所能对他作出的最最响亮有力的保证。
Theodore Roosevelt said that whether those who came were called settlers or immigrants， they traveled steerage——the hard way。
罗斯福说过，不管他们的动机如何，殖民还是移民，来时都坐的是统舱——走的是艰苦的道路。
The quarrelsome and impoverished lands of Eastern Europe were Roosevelt’s sop to Stalin for his country’s terrible sacrifices。
东欧那些贫瘠而争吵不休的国家是罗斯福抛出来给斯大林，要他的国家作出可怕牺牲的诱惑物。
Roosevelt for security reasons moved into a villa in the Russian compound。
出于安全考虑，罗斯福搬进了俄国大院的一幢别墅。
Franklin Roosevelt repealed prohibition in 1933 amid the throes of a depression。
1933年，富兰克林·罗斯福就曾在经济萧条的阵痛中废除了禁酒令。
By this time leaders of the business community were up in arms， and Roosevelt asked Raymond Moley to find out what they wanted。
到这个时候，企业界领袖出来竭力反对，而罗斯福则请雷蒙德·莫利去弄清楚他们的要求。
Roosevelt said happiness lies not in the mere possession of money； it lies in the joy of achievement， in the thrill of creative effort。
富兰克林·罗斯福说幸福不在于拥有金钱，而在于取得成就时的喜悦与追逐创造力的热情。
Roosevelt was sorely tempted to make this able corporation lawyer his successor。
罗斯福极想使这位能干的公司律师成为接班人。
Franklin Roosevelt appeared startled。
富兰克林·罗斯福看起来很吃惊。
Day in and day out during 1906 and most of 1907， Roosevelt gave eloquent voice to the demand for extension of public authority over great aggregation of wealth。
在1906年及1907年的大部分时间里，罗斯福天天都能言善辩地要求扩大公众对巨大财富集团的控制。
A memorial to Franklin Roosevelt lies on the Potomac River which hosts millions of visitors each year。
罗斯福纪念堂坐落在波托马克岸边，每年吸引数百万游客。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Mike： The economic crisis is very disastrous。
麦克：这场金融危机危害很大。
Daisy： Not as disastrous as the great depression。
黛西：没有大萧条严重。
Mike： Who saved the great depression at that time·
麦克：那时候是谁拯救了大萧条·
Daisy： Franklin Roosevelt。
黛西：富兰克林·罗斯福。
Mike： Yes， he took many measures to save the economy。
麦克：他采取了很多措施来拯救经济。
Daisy： He has saved America’s economy。
黛西：他挽救了美国的经济。
Mike： Do you know that he lost his legs because of an illness·
麦克：你知道他因为一场病而失去了双腿吗·
Daisy： I don’t know that， he is really strong。
黛西：我不知道，他真的很坚强。
Mike： There are many great people who are physically disabled but have strong minds， like Hawking。
麦克：有很多身残志坚的伟人，像霍金。
Daisy： Yes， they are very admirable。
黛西：是的，他们很令人钦佩。
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill
温斯顿·丘吉尔
温斯顿·丘吉尔，被认为是20世纪最重要的政治领袖之一，带领英国获得第二次世界大战的胜利。据传为历史上掌握英语单词词汇量最多的人之一。被美国杂志《展示》列为近百年来世界最有说服力的八大演说家之一。2002年，BBC举行了一个名为“最伟大的100名英国人”的调查，结果丘吉尔获选为有史以来最伟大的英国人之一。
About Churchill
关于丘吉尔
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was a British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War。 He is widely regarded as one of the great wartime leaders。 He served as Prime Minister twice （1940–1945 and 1951–1955）。 A noted statesman and orator， Churchill was also an officer in the British Army， a historian， a writer， and an artist。 To date， he is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature， and he was the first person to be made an honorary citizen of the United States。